Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein-coding genes such as transfer RNA (tRNA) or small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes, the product is a functional RNA. Gene expression is summarized in the Central Dogma first formulated by Francis Crick in 1958,[1] further developed in his 1970 article,[2] and expanded by the subsequent discoveries of reverse transcription[3][4][5] and RNA replication.The process of
gene expression is used by all known life—eukaryotes (including multicellular organisms), prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), and utilized by viruses—to generate the macromolecular machinery for life.In genetics,
gene expression is the most fundamental level at which the genotype gives rise to the phenotype, i.e. observable trait. The genetic information stored in DNA represents the genotype, whereas the
phenotype results from the "interpretation" of that information. Such phenotypes are often expressed by the synthesis of proteins that control the organism's structure and development, or that act as
enzymes catalyzing specific metabolic pathways.All steps in the
gene expression process may be modulated (regulated), including the transcription, RNA splicing, translation, and post-translational modification of a protein. Regulation of
gene expression gives control over the timing, location, and amount of a given gene product (protein or ncRNA) present in a cell and can have a profound effect on the cellular structure and function. Regulation of
gene expression is the basis for cellular differentiation, development, morphogenesis and the versatility and adaptability of any organism. Gene regulation may therefore serve as a substrate for evolutionary change. Citations are important for a journal to get impact factor. Impact
factor is a measure reflecting the average number of citations to recent
articles published in the journal. The impact of the journal is influenced by impact factor, the
journals with high impact
factor are considered more important than those with lower ones. To increase the visibility and ease of use of
open access scientific and scholarly
journals OMICS Group top online publishing
journals are
indexed in different indexing and archiving services. Indexing provides easy access of the article online.
High Impact List of Articles
Relevant Topics in Medical Sciences
