Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) represents a prevalent and chronic condition, carrying a significant risk for various life-threatening diseases. At its core lies insulin resistance, with chronic low-grade inflammation standing as one of its primary contributors. Therefore, it becomes imperative to regulate this inflammatory process. This comprehensive review article presents compelling neuroimmunological evidence highlighting the protective functions of the vagus nerve in T2DM.
Firstly, the vagus nerve exerts its inhibitory influence on inflammation through reflexive mechanisms, employing neuroendocrine and neuroimmunological pathways. These regulatory actions may extend to the intricacies of brain networks.
Secondly, research has demonstrated a noteworthy inverse relationship between vagal activity, as measured by heart-rate variability (HRV), and the development of diabetes. Low HRV has emerged as a predictive marker for the onset of T2DM.
