HIV-1 has proved to infect regulatory T
cells (Treg) modifying their
phenotype and impairing their suppressive capacity. As Treg
cells are a crucial component in the preservation of the immune homeostasis, we researched that the antiviral capacity of carboxilan dendrimers prevents the HIV-1
infection of Treg and their effects. The
phenotype and suppressive capacity of Treg treated or non-treated with carbosilane dendrimers were studied by flow cytometry. Treated and non-treated Treg from healthy donors were infected with HIV-1NL4.3. The
infection of Treg
cells by HIV-1, and protective effect of two dendrimers were determined by measuring antigen p24gag in the supernatant of the culture and intracellular.
The Treg
cells were treated with cationic and anionic carbosilane dendrimers. The results showed that both dendrimers did not modify the
phenotype and functionality of Treg
cells compared with non- treated Treg cells. Anionic dendrimers showed high biocompatibility with normal activity of the Treg
cells and in antiviral assays. These dendrimers were highly active against HIV-1 preventing the
infection of Treg, and were able to protect the Treg from the Foxp3 downregulation induced by the HIV-1 infection.
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