Oncology & Cancer Case Reports

Oesophageal cancer is when abnormal cells within the food pipe (oesophagus) grow in an uncontrolled way. The oesophagus is also known as the gullet. Causes of the squamous-cell type include tobacco, alcohol, extremely popular drinks, poor diet, and chewing areca nut . The most common causes of the adenocarcinoma type are smoking tobacco, obesity, and acid reflux. The disease is diagnosed by biopsy done by an endoscope (a fiberoptic camera). Prevention includes stopping smoking and eating a healthy diet. Treatment is predicated on the cancer's stage and site , along side the person's general condition and individual preferences. Small localized squamous-cell cancers could also be treated with surgery alone with the hope of a cure. In most other cases, chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy is employed along side surgery. Onset of symptoms is typically caused by narrowing of the tube thanks to the physical presence of the tumor. If the cancer has spread elsewhere, symptoms associated with metastatic disease may appear. Common sites of spread include nearby lymph nodes, the liver, lungs and bone.