Membrane technology Membrane separation processes operate without heating and therefore use less energy than conventional thermal separation processes such as distillation, sublimation or crystallization. The separation process is purely physical and both fractions (permeate and retentate) can be used. Cold separation using membrane technology is widely used in the food technology, biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. Furthermore, using membranes enables separations to take place that would be impossible using thermal separation methods. For example, it is impossible to separate the constituents of azeotropic liquids or solutes which form isomorphic crystals by distillation or recrystallization but such separations can be achieved using membrane technology. Depending on the type of membrane, the selective separation of certain individual substances or substance mixtures is possible. Important technical applications include the production of drinking water by
reverse osmosis (worldwide approximately 7 million cubic metres annually), filtrations in the food industry, the recovery of organic vapours such as petro-chemical vapour recovery and the electrolysis for chlorine production.In
waste water treatment, membrane technology is becoming increasingly important. With the help of ultra/microfiltration it is possible to remove particles, colloids and macromolecules, so that waste-water can be disinfected in this way. This is needed if waste-water is discharged into sensitive waters especially those designated for contact water-sports and recreation.About half of the market is in medical applications such as use in artificial kidneys to remove toxic substances by
hemodialysis and as artificial lung for bubble-free supply of oxygen in the blood.The importance of membrane technology is growing in the field of
environmental protection (NanoMemPro IPPC Database). Even in modern energy recovery techniques membranes are increasingly used, for example in
fuel cells and in osmotic power plants.
High Impact List of Articles
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Design a biosensor for measuring H2O2 using modified carbon paste electrode with Single-wall Carbon Nano-tubes and Catalase
Saeed Rezaei-Zarchi, Leila Mirzaei, Samira Ghobadzadeh, Masoud Negahdary, Gholamreza Mazaheri, Marziyeh Ajdary, Fariba Pishbin, Research Article: Journal of Biology and Today's World
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"Comparison of Cognitive-Executive Functions of the Frontal Lobe of the Brain and Lifestyle Self-Efficacy in Persons with Different Body Mass Indices"
Morteza Malmir, Sahand Geravand, Nina Jamalomidi, Parisa Janjani, Hosna Seydi Research Article: Journal of Biology and Today's World
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Investigating Histological Alterations in the Liver and ALP Enzyme Level in Male Mice Induced by Gold Nanoparticles
Marziyeh Ajdari, Marziyeh Ziaee-Ghahnavieh, Nooshin Naghsh Research Article: Journal of Biology and Today's World
Relevant Topics in Medical Sciences