Maritime security operations (MSO) are the actions of recent navy to combat sea–based terrorism and other illegal activities, like hijacking, piracy, and slavery, also referred to as human trafficking. Ships assigned to such operations can also assist seafaring vessels in distress. These activities are a part of an overall category of activities which come short of open warfare called military operations aside from war. A journal may be a periodical publication intended to further progress of science, usually by reporting new research. Most journals are highly specialized, although a number of the oldest journals publish articles, reviews, editorials, short communications, letters, and scientific papers across a good range of scientific fields. Journals contain articles that peer reviewed, in an effort to make sure that articles meet the journal's standards of quality, and scientific validity. Each such journal article becomes a part of the permanent scientific record.
