We analyzed a
model to determine the factors that facilitate or limit rapid polygenic adaptation. This
model includes population genetic terms of
mutation and both directional and stabilizing selection on a highly polygenic trait in a diploid population of finite size. First, we derived the equilibrium distribution of the allele frequencies of the multilocus
model by
diffusion approximation. This formula describing the equilibrium allele frequencies as a mutationâ€selectionâ€drift balance was examined by computer
simulation using parameter values inferred for human height, a wellâ€studied polygenic trait. Second, assuming that a sudden environmental shift of the fitness optimum occurs while the population is in equilibrium, we analyzed the adaptation of the trait to the new optimum
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