“A process by which
microbial organisms transform or alter (through metabolic or enzymatic action) the structure of chemicals introduced into the environment. “Basically, organic (carbon-based) material is changed through chemical processes from complex molecules into simpler molecules, eventually returning the molecules into the environment. For example, a banana peel can be reduced from cellulose to water, carbon dioxide gas, and humus in a compost pile.
Biodegradation is nature’s
waste management and
recycling system. It breaks down everything from yard
waste to crude oil. It is a natural process necessary to keep our planet clean and healthy. Unfortunately, the rate at which we are producing
waste far outpaces the rate of natural biodegradation, making our current state unsustainable. As a result, landfills have been filling up at record rates, and air, water and soil
pollution is increasing. So, understanding the process of
biodegradation requires an understanding of the
microorganisms that make the process work. The
microbial organisms transform the substance through metabolic or enzymatic processes. It is based on two processes: growth and metabolism. In growth, an organic pollutant is used as sole source of carbon and energy. This process results in a complete degradation (mineralization) of organic pollutants.
Relevant Topics in General Science