Editorial - (2022) Volume 11, Issue 1
Coronaviruses are widespread viruses that cause infections in the nose, sinuses, and upper neck. The majority of coronaviruses aren't hazardous. After a December 2019 epidemic in China, the World Health Organization recognized SARS-CoV-2 as a new kind of coronavirus in early 2020. The disease swiftly spread around the world. COVID-19 is a disease caused by SARSCoV- 2 that can result in a respiratory tract infection. It affects upper respiratory tract (sinuses, nose, and throat) or lower respiratory tract (windpipe and lungs). It spreads mostly through person-to-person contact. Infections range from mild to fatal. SARS-CoV-2 is one of seven coronavirus strains, including those that cause serious infections such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Sudden ACute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The other coronaviruses produce the majority of the colds we get throughout the year, but they aren't a big hazard to otherwise healthy individuals.
The COVID-19 pandemic, which first appeared in Wuhan, China, is now infecting millions of people all over the world. This is a summary of COVID-19's extensive effects on nearly all organs. Inflammation, endotheliitis, vasoconstriction, hypercoagulability, and oedema, etc are all caused by it. lymphocytopenia, increased D-dimer, increased fibrin degradation products (FDPs), and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) are also observed.
There are reports of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), venous thromboembolism, Pulmonary Embolism (PE), systemic and pulmonary arterial thrombosis and embolism, ischemic stroke, and Myocardial Infarction (MI).
It can induce acute coronary syndrome, congestive heart failure, myocarditis, and arrhythmias. Kidney damage is typically the result of systemic disorders. Seizures and delirium are prevalent. There have been reports of anosmia and a loss of taste. Psychological issues are widespread among both patients and physicians. Stool might contain a virus. Lactate dehydrogenase levels might be high. Several cutaneous symptoms, including a patchy erythematous rash, have been recorded. The SARS-CoV-2 virus attaches to ACE2 receptors found throughout the body and can disrupt nearly every function. It can produce a cytokine storm, which can lead to death. Different organs may be damaged in different people, independent of viral load. Complications are caused by inflammation, platelet activation, hypercoagulability, endothelial dysfunction, blood vessel constriction, stasis, hypoxia, and muscular immobility.
The lungs are frequently affected. Acute coronary syndrome, cardiac failure, and myocarditis are all possibilities. AKI (Acute Kidney Injury) is frequently the result of systemic derangements. It is found that the senses of smell and taste are impaired. The eyes are access points for viruses and can potentially be a source of infection. Psychological issues are widespread among both patients and physicians. GI problems have been recorded. The most frequent cutaneous manifestation is a patchy erythematous rash. As a result, COVID-19 can impact almost any organ in the body.
The respiratory system is the most usually affected in people who acquire clinical sickness as a result of SARS-CoV-2. The virus, on the other hand, might infect any organ in the body. Multiple organs are frequently impacted in critically unwell patients. The virus binds to ACE2 receptors in vascular endothelial cells, the heart, the brain, the kidneys, the colon, the liver, the pharynx, and other tissues. It has the potential to harm these organs directly. In addition, the virus's systemic problems cause organ malfunction. It's critical to look for injuries to numerous organs while managing a patient. Coagulatory and vascular endothelium disturbances are prevalent; however they may not cause symptoms in the early stages. They lead to organ harm in a variety of ways. Patients who die may have cardiac and renal problems. Organ damage may not be obvious for a long time after the acute illness has passed. It is possible to sustain a long-term injury. Rehabilitation can be time-consuming and challenging.
Citation: Ramnath R. A Short Note on COVID-19 and it's Effects. J Biol Today's World, 2022, 11(1), 001-001, e213.
Received: 24-Jan-2022, Manuscript No. JBTW-22-48963; Editor assigned: 27-Jan-2022, Pre QC No. JBTW-21-48963(PQ); Reviewed: 10-Feb-2022, QC No. JBTW-21-48963; Revised: 15-Feb-2022, Manuscript No. JBTW-21-48963(R); Published: 25-Feb-2022, DOI: 10.35248/2322-3308-11.1.001
Copyright: © 2022 Ramnath R. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
