Asif Shahriar*, Mohd.Faijanur-Rob-Siddiquee, Hossain Ahmed and Aar Rafi Mahmud
Background: Pathogenic bacteria mostly cause emerging infectious diseases, including community-acquired, nosocomial, and opportunistic infections. The recent emergence of biofilms and the production of beta-lactamases strains have led to the widespread number of drug-resistant bacterial pathogens associated with infectious illness and death.
Materials and Methods: This study was carried out to detect the ability of biofilm formation by gram-negative and gram-positive pathogenic isolates collected from clinical environments and determine their multi-drug resistant traits along with the detection of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and Metallo-betalactamases (MBLs) production.
Results: Among the 15 pathogenic isolates, A. baumannii (85%) were ESBL positive and (65%) MBL positive; P. mirabilis was ESBL and MBL positive (65% and 90%), respectively. The uropathogenic bacterial isolates both K. pneumoniae and E. coli were found to be ESBL positive (60%) and MBL positive (40%); ESBL positive (75%) and MBL positive (60%), respectively. Whereas the pathogenic P. aeruginosa isolates were found to be ESBL and MBL positive (100%). In contrast, among the three gram-positive S. aureus isolates, two isolates were found to be ESBL positive (85%), and one isolate was found to be MBL positive (35%). The association between ESBL and MBL production and biofilm formation was statistically significant (P value=0.001). Besides, most active drugs, penicillin G, kanamycin, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, azithromycin, and erythromycin, were resistant against all pathogenic isolates, whereas pathogens were significantly sensitive against Cotrimoxazole, Erythromycin, Streptomycin, and Ceftriaxone.
Conclusion: This experiment's findings indicate the emergence and rapid spread of such multidrug-resistant pathogens are of great concern. Early detection of ESBL and MBL-producing pathogens is of paramount clinical significance; therefore, strict infection control practices and therapeutic guidance for confirmed infection can be rapidly initiated.