Wide ranging biomedical applications of nanomaterials include disease control, prevention, and treatment. The remarkable prevention of numerous infectious and non-infectious diseases of importance to humans and animals has been demonstrated using nanoparticle based vaccinations. Due to their simplicity of administration and plasticity in physio-chemical properties, nano vaccinations outnumber traditional vaccines. The improved antigen stability, minimal immunotoxicity, sustained release, increased immunogenicity, and the adaptability of nanoparticle physical properties can all be credited with the effectiveness of nano based vaccinations. Based on these, the nano based vaccines may be able to trigger immune responses at the cellular and humoral levels.
